Educatio During The Victorian :: essays research papers

Education During the Victorian Period   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Education during the Victorian Period progressed due to several acts and codes over the years. Voluntary schools, which the Church provided, were founded by the Anglican National Society after the grant of 1833 was proposed. The grant went to religious bodies, which were used to build schools. It was the first acceptance by the government to provide the poor with an education. The grant increased to 30,000 pounds in 1839 and then to 100,000 pounds in 1846. These voluntary schools were paid for by private subscription and were spread out over the country.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gladstone’s Bill of 1870 was the work of W.E. Forster, who was an ardent churchman of Quaker origin. The bill doubled the State Grant to church schools and to Roman Catholic schools so they could become a permanent part of the new educational system.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There were seven elite boarding schools that were defined as â€Å"Public Schools† in the 1860’s by the educational Clarendon commission. They were Eton, Harrow, Westminster, Rugby, Winchester, Charterhouse, and Shrewsbury. They were maintained by private funding and received no profits.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Code of 1890 made it possible to maintain evening continuation schools, which we think are night schools.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The new schools were known as Board Schools and they were paid for by local rates, or by the local school boards. Church teaching continued in all national schools. Before this, all the churches had to provide the education. The Roman Catholics and the Anglicans wouldn’t let their children go to these schools, though. They felt that these schools did not adequately teach their religious ideas. Board schools were introduced and the Roman Catholics and the Anglicans agreed that these schools satisfied all their educational needs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The acts of 1876 and 1880 made attendance in schools necessary. During the first few years of Queen Victoria’s reign, 30-50% of the children went to school. The most common schools were Sunday schools. They went there if they weren’t working and while there they learned how to â€Å"read† the Bible. Its primary function was to fit people for their place in the social order. From 1870-1890 the average school attendance rose from 1.25 million to 4.5 million and the money spent on each child was doubled.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After the New County Council was established, an effective step towards a system of secondary education was taken Only 8% of male children received any secondary education.

Financial Planning Informative Speech

Speech 4 – Informative Speech We've got a gang of clueless bozos steering our ship of state right over a cliff, we've got corporate gangsters stealing us blind, and we can't even clean up after a hurricane much less build a hybrid car. But instead of getting mad, everyone sits around and nods their heads when the politicians say, â€Å"Stay the course. † Stay the course? You've got to be kidding. This is America, not the damned Titanic. ~ Lee Iacocca Finance planning legend. A probably angry Lee Iacocca was indicating that finance is something that has to be pre-planned, planned, re-planned and even post-planned.Financial planning in itself does not involve just setting budgets, wage rates or deadlines. It is all about getting to know realistic work schedule, the manner in which they can be executed, back up plans that can be used and the least cost with the help of which the entire project can be executed. So basically, financial planning and growth forecasting, both i nvolve, the answers to the 4 important questions, why, when, where and how (answers have to be cost oriented). Steps in Long Term Financial PlanningStep 1: Let us take the example of a coffee shop, whereas a financial planner, one has to find legitimate answers to 4 questions, namely: Why should we be producing a specific item on the menu card? (consider cost of production and sales price) When should we produce such an item and for what time duration? (bear in mind seasonal costs, inflation of raw material prices) Where should we produce the item, right in the shop or some production center? (consider transport cost, nature of goods and selling cost) How should one produce the item, manually or mechanically? consider equipment and personnel cost) Step 2: The second step is to assess your business environment. In this step, surveying the competitor's performance, pricing and distribution is an absolute necessity. In such a scenario, you may also prepare a cost sheet of the financial features of production, namely, the money that you would have to invest as a manufacturing cost, its sales cost, and the profit that it would yield. Logically speaking, the sale price should be more than the cost price and the return over asset ratio/return over investment ratio should be healthy.While finalizing these three figures, you will need to take into consideration 3 important aspects. Average spending capacity of your customers. Your competitor's quality, quantity and price. Popularity of the product, potential market, customer retaining capacity of the product, etc. Though the trend of such products is more experimental in nature, they might become full-time, public favorite products, hence it is also important to make a financial provision to recover losses, that arise in the experimental period, until the product establishes itself in the market.Step 3: The third and fourth step are more analytical in nature and from the finance point of view, they are also quite expan sive. The idea that you need to implement in the third step is allocation of resources in such a manner that you tend to make a genuine profit in sales, during the long run. In this step, you will be using and analyzing cash flow statements on almost a daily basis. The key is to have uniform cash outflows for consecutive days/months/years. Cash outflow is basically all expenses and losses. Losses are quite uncontrollable but expenses are definitely controllable.Hence search for raw material sources, manpower and production processes that will help you to maintain a uniform and low per unit cost for the item/product. For example have regular suppliers, who will supply at an agreed and uniform cost. This uniformity will eventually come in handy to curb and control unexpected losses, and will also help you to keep a good hold over the market. The second part of the third step is making monetary provisions. This is absolutely essential due to the fact that no business is risk-free. Such provisions include advance to the raw material supplier, insurance, provisions for bad debts, extra services, etc.Step 4: I would like to call this step as retain, sustain and entertain. This step is quite an advanced one, and basically includes many different aspects, that aim at retaining the customers. The first important function of this step is to generate regular data and cash flow statements. With the help of these statements you will realize whether that very item on the menu is proving to be profitable or not. At the same time, you also need to maintain a statement that records cash inflows and outflows over a longer period of time (in months or a quarter).Thus, you will realize what is profitable for your business, and what your customers want. To sum up the whole theory, it can be said that long term finance planning is a 3 dimensional graph, with customer, product and market being the dimensions. The essence of cost and time are added to every dimension. After all, the key to successful long term financial planning is to facilitate all three dimensions logically, bearing in mind the essence of time and money. Read more at Buzzle: http://www. buzzle. com/articles/long-term-financial-planning. html

The Creation Of The Dhs - 1406 Words

The Creation of the DHS The Department of Homeland Security is liable for establishing the safety and defense of the U.S. from terrorism and natural disasters. In the wake of the September 11, 2001 attacks on America by terrorists, Department of Homeland Security’s main concern has been on federal measures to prevent terrorism attacks and handle other crisis situations. When the Department of Homeland Security was created it had four goals: to diminish America’s vulnerability to terrorism by securing the borders, minimizing the damage and speed the recovery from attacks that happen to occur, to develop technologies devices to detect terrorism and to share all intelligence gathered from all federal agencies (Haulley, 2006). These four†¦show more content†¦By June 2002 The Homeland Security Act was under way and it called for the gathering of different agencies and offices in the government and was established into the Department of Homeland Security, led by Tom Ridge (Allgov.com, 2015). However, the department only advised the President on domestic security concerns at the beginning before being revised and expanded into a cabinet department of the government. When creating the department, some agencies stayed as they were, while others were cut out and their roles were dispersed among the new units of the Department of Homeland Security. â€Å"The US Customs Service, once a part of the Treasury Department, was separated into the US Customs and Border Protection and the US Immigration and Customs Enforcement. Altogether, the missions of 22 federal offices were either altered or knitted into Department of Homeland Security to help the cooperation of all agencies in sharing and working together (Allgov.com, 2015).† How It Works! When the creation of the new Department of Homeland Security was announced in 2002, â€Å"Bush outlined the organizations mission: to protect all the borders, minimize the damage of an attack and have a quick and efficient clean up from the chaos, to develop antiterrorist technologies, and to review intelligence from all agencies of government (Haulley,